1. Способи отримання основ

Вибір способу отримання основи залежить від того, до якої групи дана сполука відноситься: є лугом, чи нерозчинною основою.

Протікає реакція заміщення в ході якої, крім лугу, утворюється водень. Активні метали енергійно взаємодіють з водою при звичайних умовах.

2. Луги утворюються при взаємодії оксидів лужних і лужноземельних металів з водою. При цьому протікає реакція сполучення.

3. У промисловості натрій і калій гідроксиди отримують шляхом електролізу: пропускають постійний електричний струм через розчин натрій або калій хлориду.

Наприклад, щоб отримати осад купрум(\(II\)) гідроксиду, потрібно до розчину солі купрум(\(II\)) (хлориду, сульфату, нітрату або ін.) Додати розчин лугу (калій або натрій гідроксиду). Протікає реакція обміну:

C2H4 + H2O = C2H5OH – Balanced Chemical Equation

To balance a chemical equation, enter an equation of a chemical reaction and press the Balance button. The balanced equation will appear above.

• Use uppercase for the first character in the element and lowercase for the second character. Examples: Fe, Au, Co, Br, C, O, N, F.
• Ionic charges are not yet supported and will be ignored.
• Replace immutable groups in compounds to avoid ambiguity. For example, C6H5C2H5 + O2 = C6H5OH + CO2 + H2O will not be balanced, but XC2H5 + O2 = XOH + CO2 + H2O will.
• Compound states [like (s) (aq) or (g)] are not required.
• You can use parenthesis () or brackets [].

Examples

• Ethylene + Water = Ethanol
• C2H4 + H2O + CO2 = CH3CH2COOH
• C2H4 + H2O + Fe = CH4 + Fe(OH)2
• C2H4 + H2O + H + MnO4 = C2H6O2 + Mn
• C2H4 + H2O + H2SO4 = C2H6 + O2 + H2SO4
• C2H4 + H2O + HMnO4 = C2H6O + Mn
• C2H4 + H2O + H + MnO4 = C2H6O2 + Mn
• C2H4 + H2O + KMnO4 = C2H4(OH)2 + KOH + MnO2
• C2H4 + H2O + KMnO4 = C2H4(OH)2 + MnO2 + KOH
• CH3BrO + Na = CH3NaO + Br2
• CH2CHCF3 + HBr = CH2BrCH2CF3
• NaHSO3 + K3PO4 = Na3PO4 + KHSO3
• NaNO2 + HI = NO + I2 + NaI + H2O
• Recently Balanced Equations

How to Balance Chemical Equations

Read our article on how to balance chemical equations or ask for help in our chat.

Balance any equation or reaction using this chemical equation balancer! Find out what type of reaction occured.

You can also ask for help or report an issue with the chemical equation balancer in our chat or forums.

Balance C2H4 + H2O = C2H5OH Using the Algebraic Method

To balance the equation C2H4 + H2O = C2H5OH using the algebraic method step-by-step, you must have experience solving systems of linear equations. The most common methods are substitution/elimination and linear algebra, but any similar method will work.

Step 1: Label Each Compound With a Variable

Label each compound (reactant or product) in the equation with a variable to represent the unknown coefficients. a C₂H₄ + b H₂O = c C₂H₅OH

Step 2: Create a System of Equations

Create an equation for each element (C, H, O) where each term represents the number of atoms of the element in each reactant or product.

C: 2a + 0b = 2c H: 4a + 2b = 6c O: 0a + 1b = 1c 

Step 3: Solve For All Variables

Use your graphing calculator’s rref() function (or an online rref calculator) to convert the following matrix into reduced row-echelon-form:

[ 2 0 -2 0] [ 4 2 -6 0] [ 0 1 -1 0]

The resulting matrix can be used to determine the coefficients. In the case of a single solution, the last column of the matrix will contain the coefficients.

Simplify the result to get the lowest, whole integer values.

Step 4: Substitute Coefficients and Verify Result

Count the number of atoms of each element on each side of the equation and verify that all elements and electrons (if there are charges/ions) are balanced. C₂H₄ + H₂O = C₂H₅OH

Since there is an equal number of each element in the reactants and products of C2H4 + H2O = C2H5OH, the equation is balanced.

Balance C2H4 + H2O = C2H5OH Using Inspection

The law of conservation of mass states that matter cannot be created or destroyed, which means there must be the same number atoms at the end of a chemical reaction as at the beginning. To be balanced, every element in C2H4 + H2O = C2H5OH must have the same number of atoms on each side of the equation. When using the inspection method (also known as the trial-and-error method), this principle is used to balance one element at a time until both sides are equal and the chemical equation is balanced.

Step 1: Count the number of each element on the left and right hand sides

The number of atoms of each element on both sides of C2H4 + H2O = C2H5OH is equal which means that the equation is already balanced and no additional work is needed.

C2H5OH = C2H4 + H2O + H2 – Balanced Chemical Equation

Warning: Some compounds do not play a role in the reaction and have 0 coefficients. Make sure you have entered the equation properly.

Reaction Information Disclaimer

Word Equation

Ethanol = Ethylene + Water + Dihydrogen

C2H5OH = C2H4 + H2O + H2 is a Decomposition reaction where one mole of Ethanol [C₂H₅OH] decomposes into one mole of Ethylene [C₂H₄] , one mole of Water [H₂O] and zero moles of Dihydrogen [H₂]

Reaction Type

Reactants

Ethanol – C₂H₅OH

Ethyl Alcohol Lux Dehydrated Ethanol 1-Hydroxyethane Spiritus Vini Methylcarbinol Hydroxyethane Alcohol (Ethyl)

Products

Ethylene – C₂H₄

Water – H₂O

Dihydrogen – H₂

Reaction Expressions

(assuming all reactants and products are aqueous. substitutue 1 for any solids/liquids, and Psubstance for gases.)

Instructions

To balance a chemical equation, enter an equation of a chemical reaction and press the Balance button. The balanced equation will appear above.

• Use uppercase for the first character in the element and lowercase for the second character. Examples: Fe, Au, Co, Br, C, O, N, F.
• Ionic charges are not yet supported and will be ignored.
• Replace immutable groups in compounds to avoid ambiguity. For example, C6H5C2H5 + O2 = C6H5OH + CO2 + H2O will not be balanced, but XC2H5 + O2 = XOH + CO2 + H2O will.
• Compound states [like (s) (aq) or (g)] are not required.
• You can use parenthesis () or brackets [].

Examples

• Ethanol = Ethylene + Water + Dihydrogen
• C2H5OH + (3O2) = (2CO2) + (3H2O)
• C2H5OH + (Ag(NH3)2)OH = Ag + CO2 + H2O + NH3
• C2H5OH + (Ag(NH3)2)OH = C2H5COOH + Ag + NH3 + H2O
• C2H5OH + (Ag(NH3)2)OH = C2H7NO2 + Ag + NH3 + H2O
• C2H5OH + (Ag(NH3)2)OH = CH3COOH + Ag + H2O + NH3
• C2H5OH + (C18H15P)2CuBH4 + CS2 = (C18H15P)2Cu(S2CH) + C2H6 + B(OH)3
• C2H5OH + (CH2)(COOH)2 = H2O + CH2(COOC2H5)2
• C2H5OH + (CHOH)6H2 + H2O2 = C3H8O3 + H2O
• C6H12O6 + KMnO4 = CO2 + MnO2 + K2O + H2O
• CuCl2 + KCl = K(CuCl3) + K2(CuCl4)
• CH2CHCF3 + HBr = CH2BrCH2CF3
• NaNO2 + HI = NO + I2 + NaI + H2O
• Recently Balanced Equations

How to Balance Chemical Equations

Read our article on how to balance chemical equations or ask for help in our chat.

Balance any equation or reaction using this chemical equation balancer! Find out what type of reaction occured.

You can also ask for help or report an issue with the chemical equation balancer in our chat or forums.

Balance C2H5OH = C2H4 + H2O + H2 Using the Algebraic Method

To balance the equation C2H5OH = C2H4 + H2O + H2 using the algebraic method step-by-step, you must have experience solving systems of linear equations. The most common methods are substitution/elimination and linear algebra, but any similar method will work.

Step 1: Label Each Compound With a Variable

Label each compound (reactant or product) in the equation with a variable to represent the unknown coefficients. a C₂H₅OH = b C₂H₄ + c H₂O + d H₂

Step 2: Create a System of Equations

Create an equation for each element (C, H, O) where each term represents the number of atoms of the element in each reactant or product.

C: 2a = 2b + 0c + 0d H: 6a = 4b + 2c + 2d O: 1a = 0b + 1c + 0d 

Step 3: Solve For All Variables

Use your graphing calculator’s rref() function (or an online rref calculator) to convert the following matrix into reduced row-echelon-form:

[ 2 -2 0 0 0] [ 6 -4 -2 -2 0] [ 1 0 -1 0 0]

The resulting matrix can be used to determine the coefficients. In the case of a single solution, the last column of the matrix will contain the coefficients.

Simplify the result to get the lowest, whole integer values.

Step 4: Substitute Coefficients and Verify Result

Count the number of atoms of each element on each side of the equation and verify that all elements and electrons (if there are charges/ions) are balanced. C₂H₅OH = C₂H₄ + H₂O + 0 H₂

Since there is an equal number of each element in the reactants and products of C2H5OH = C2H4 + H2O + 0H2, the equation is balanced.

Balance C2H5OH = C2H4 + H2O + H2 Using Inspection

The law of conservation of mass states that matter cannot be created or destroyed, which means there must be the same number atoms at the end of a chemical reaction as at the beginning. To be balanced, every element in C2H5OH = C2H4 + H2O + H2 must have the same number of atoms on each side of the equation. When using the inspection method (also known as the trial-and-error method), this principle is used to balance one element at a time until both sides are equal and the chemical equation is balanced.

Step 1: Count the number of each element on the left and right hand sides

Step 2: Multiply coefficients for compounds to balance out each element

For each element that is not equal, try to balance it by adding more of it to the side with less. Sometimes there may be multiple compounds with that element on one side, so you’ll need to use your best judgement and be prepared to go back and try the other options. We could not determine all the steps needed to balance the equation using trial and error. This may mean it requires too many steps and the chemical equation is too complex to use this method, or that the equation is invalid (e.g. has 0 or non-integer coefficients). The algebraic method is likely better suited for balancing this equation. If you would like to attempt to guess the next steps, the final element counts in the balanced equation should be: C₂H₅OH = C₂H₄ + H₂O + 0 H₂

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